The European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) considers one credit point (CP) as equivalent to 30 hours of work. This is defined to be the average workload of an average full-time student. Our seminar carries 6 CPs. They amount to a workload of 180 hours of work for each student during the term.
The six credit points will be granted if you satisfy the following general conditions: you are always participating as an active member of the seminar. You are supposed to read papers, think about them in contexts, reach out to other questions, issues, and aspects, sketch ideas for the group’s presentation, participate in discussions, etc. – Explicit requirements for credit are these two:

1. The cooperative effort. We build twelve study groups of up to five students each. We have the three topics described above. Each topic will be associated with four groups. (In total these are 3 topics x 4 groups x 5 students = 60 students.) For each of the three topical blocks, we offer four publications, i.e. one paper for each of the study groups. Each group thoroughly studies their assigned publication and discusses it internally, in detail. The groups present their results at the second meeting of their topical block. Each group has 45 minutes for the presentation, including time for discussion. – The group should also formulate a set of questions for the invited speaker of their block.
2. The individual effort. After classes have come to their end in early February, 2020, each individual participant is asked to write a term paper (essay) reflecting on what he or she has learned during the seminar. We will announce a specific topic and question for the essay at our last meeting. You will be asked to submit the essay four weeks later in March, 2020.